COCOPEAT-PETROBIO SYNERGY ENHANCES YIELD OF POLYBAG-GROWN CAPLAK CHILI

Cut Sheilla Damia; Dedi Kurniawan; Razali

doi:10.58432/e2sg6p08

Authors

Cut Sheilla Damia Tjut Nyak Dhien University Author
Dedi Kurniawan Tjut Nyak Dhien University Author
Razali Tjut Nyak Dhien University Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58432/e2sg6p08

Keywords:

biofertilizer, Capsicum frutescens, cocopeat, container cultivation, yield interaction

Abstract

Container cultivation offers a practical route for chili production where field land is limited, but yield depends on balancing the physical properties of the growing medium with nutrient supply. This study evaluated whether cocopeat proportion and Petrobio biofertilizer interact to improve the growth and yield of caplak chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) grown in polybags. A 3 × 3 factorial randomized block design with three replications was conducted in North Sumatra from May to September 2025. Cocopeat treatments were topsoil alone (C0), cocopeat:topsoil 1:1 (C1), and 2:1 (C2), while Petrobio was applied at 0 (P0), 2 (P1), or 4 g plant−1 (P2). Plant height, stem diameter, branch number, fruit number, fruit weight per plant, and fruit weight per plot were measured. Cocopeat significantly affected plant height at 2–6 weeks after planting, stem diameter at 2 weeks, branch number at 6–8 weeks, and all yield variables. Petrobio did not significantly alter vegetative traits but significantly affected yield. The interaction was significant only for reproductive variables after square-root transformation [sqrt(x+0.5)]. P2C1 produced the numerically highest raw fruit weight per plot (36.33 g), whereas P1C2 produced no harvested fruit in the two harvests. The results reveal a stage-specific response: a high cocopeat proportion favored early vegetative growth, while a moderate cocopeat proportion combined with the highest Petrobio dose provided the strongest yield response. This combination merits validation over longer harvest periods and larger production scales.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agrawal, R. K., Tripathi, M. P., Verma, A., Sharma, G. L., & Khalkho, D. (2021). Effect on combinations of growing media for cultivation of horticultural crops in troughs, grow bag and pots: A review. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 9(1), 1545–1548. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2021.v9.i1v.11444

Alzate Zuluaga, M. Y., Fattorini, R., Cesco, S., & Pii, Y. (2024). Plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere for smarter and more sustainable crop fertilization: The case of PGPR-based biofertilizers. Frontiers in Microbiology, 15, 1440978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1440978

Azhari, C. R., Kurniawan, D., & Berliana, Y. (2025). Response of giberellin and humic acid plants on the growth and yield of cherry tomato plants. Algebra: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains, 5(1), 12–28. https://doi.org/10.58432/algebra.v5i1.1230

Cahya, S. D., Sugiarto, & Arfarita, N. (2023). Uji pengaruh pelet pupuk hayati VP3 dengan tambahan cangkang telur terhadap viabilitas bakteri fungsional dan bibit tanaman cabai (Capsicum frutescens L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 11(3), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.protan.2023.011.03.06

Camacho-Rodríguez, M., Almaraz-Suárez, J. J., Vázquez-Vázquez, C., Angulo-Castro, A., Ríos-Vega, M. E., & González-Mancilla, A. (2022). Effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on the growth and yield of jalapeño pepper. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 13(Special Issue 28), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v13i28.3273

Dasgan, H. Y., Yilmaz, M., Dere, S., Ikiz, B., & Gruda, N. S. (2023). Bio-fertilizers reduced the need for mineral fertilizers in soilless-grown capia pepper. Horticulturae, 9(2), 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020188

Fallo, G., Tefa, A., & Pardosi, L. (2023). Selection of potential rhizobacteria as biological fertilizer and in vivo application against red chili seed germination in North Central Timor Regency, Indonesia. Trends in Sciences, 20(11), 6753. https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6753

Harahap, P. (2022). Efektivitas media tumbuh cocopeat terhadap produksi tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) dalam pot. Jurnal Agroplasma, 9(2), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.36987/agroplasma.v9i2.3335

Hasibuan, A. S., Berliana, Y., Kurniawan, D., & Razali. (2024). Growth and production response of beet plants (Beta vulgaris L.) to several concentrations and application methods of paclobutrazole. Algebra: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains, 4(4), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.58432/algebra.v4i4.1158

Ichwan, B., Eliyanti, E., & Zulkarnain, Z. (2021). Influence of biostimulants and media compositions on growth and yield of Capsicum annuum L. under drought stress conditions. Advances in Horticultural Science, 35(2), 129–137. https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-8354

Iriany, A., Wulan Sari, O. A., & Hasanah, F. (2020). Optimization of BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annum L.). International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 9(3), 287–296. https://doi.org/10.30486/ijrowa.2020.1894411.1048

Lobato-Ureche, M. A., Pérez-Rodriguez, M. M., Segura, D., Monasterio, R., & Cohen, A. C. (2023). Pseudomonas 42P4 and Cellulosimicrobium 60I1 as a sustainable approach to increase growth, development, and productivity in pepper plants. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6, 1111573. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.1111573

Sardianti, A. L. (2021). Hubungan input terhadap produksi usahatani cabai rawit di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo. Journal of Agritech Science, 5(2), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.30869/jasc.v5i02.784

Sari, N. M., Rokhim, S., & Faizah, H. (2024). The effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizer with the addition of rice washing water and eggshells on the growth of cayenne pepper plant (Capsicum frutescens L.). Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 17(1), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrovigor.v17i1.21768

Shafira, W., Akbar, A. A., & Saziati, O. (2021). Penggunaan cocopeat sebagai pengganti topsoil dalam upaya perbaikan kualitas lingkungan di lahan pascatambang di Desa Toba, Kabupaten Sanggau. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 19(2), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.2.432-443

Sharma, M., Sharma, V., Delta, A. K., & Kaushik, P. (2022). Rhizophagus irregularis and nitrogen fixing Azotobacter with a reduced rate of chemical fertilizer application enhances pepper growth along with fruits biochemical and mineral composition. Sustainability, 14(9), 5653. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095653

Siregar, A. L. Z., & Lubis, N. M. (2022). Budidaya tanaman cabai caplak guna meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat pesisir Dusun II Desa Percut Sei Tuan. Martabe: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 5(6), 2331–2337. https://doi.org/10.31604/jpm.v5i6.2331-2337

Sofiarani, F. N., & Ambarwati, E. (2020). Pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada berbagai komposisi media tanam dalam skala pot. Vegetalika, 9(1), 292–304. https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.44996

Tashi, S., Wangchuk, K., Udas, E., Gaki, S., & Aryal, K. (2022). A solution at the doorsteps: Improved biofertilizer enhances soil fertility and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) in Bhutan. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 12(2), 259–267. https://doi.org/10.30486/ijrowa.2022.1952686.1416

Thakur, S., Sharma, A. K., Thakur, K., Sharma, S., Gudeta, K., Hashem, A., Avila-Quezada, G. D., Moubayed, N. M. S., & Abd_Allah, E. F. (2023). Differential responses to integrated nutrient management of cabbage–capsicum–radish cropping sequence with fertilizers and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Agronomy, 13(7), 1789. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071789

Tuckeldoe, R. B., Maluleke, M. K., & Adriaanse, P. (2023). The effect of coconut coir substrate on the yield and nutritional quality of sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum) varieties. Scientific Reports, 13, 2742. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29914-0

Yahya, D. P. A., Hendarto, K., Yelli, F., & Widyastuti, R. D. (2022). Response of biofertilizer application and alkali supplement fertilizer on the growth and yield of curly red chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 11(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v11i1.15-23