HISTORICAL TRAJECTORY AND TRANSFORMATION OF INDONESIAN MARITIME DIPLOMACY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SDGS-17 AT INTERNATIONAL FORUMS

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic nation, possesses an extensive history of maritime diplomacy that continues to transform in accordance with global geopolitical dynamics. This research aims to analyze the historical trajectory and transformation of Indonesian maritime diplomacy within the context of implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs-17) at international forums.  The research methodology employs a qualitative approach with comparative historical analysis and international policy studies. Data were collected through documentation studies of Indonesian foreign policy, international forum documents, and in-depth interviews with 15 diplomacy practitioners. Research findings reveal that Indonesian maritime diplomacy has undergone three major transformation phases: the Old Order era (1945-1966) emphasizing maritime sovereignty through the Djuanda Declaration, the New Order era (1966-1998) focusing on maritime economic development and UNCLOS 1982, and the Reformation era (1998-present) integrating sustainability aspects through the Global Maritime Fulcrum concept. The implementation of SDGs-17 in Indonesian maritime diplomacy demonstrates significant progress through various bilateral and multilateral partnerships at international forums such as IORA, Our Ocean Conference, and ASEAN Maritime Forum, with funding commitments reaching USD 2 billion. The research concludes that the transformation of Indonesian maritime diplomacy requires institutional capacity strengthening, enhanced collaboration with international partners, and more comprehensive integration between national agenda and SDGs-17 targets to optimize the achievement of sustainable development goals by 2030.